Binaural beats are two tones of different frequency that are played into each ear simultaneously. Therefore, headphones need to be worn for them to be effective.

Playing binaural beats creates a ‘phantom’ third beat that equates to the difference between the two tones that then radiates through the brain [1]. For instance, if a 225 Hz is played in the right ear and 205 Hz into the left, it would create a 20hz wave.

There is some understanding so far on brain waves and how they relate to information processing [2]. For instance, gamma waves have been associated with gathering and processing information, while beta waves can work as a gatekeeper for our working memory, choosing what the appropriate memories are to retrieve [3].

Figure adopted from DOI:10.1109/BioCAS.2012.6418422

Although studies are limited and generally are on small cohorts, playing binaural beats are proving to be promising for multiple different nervous system controlled functions, such as pain perception, sleep quality and stress reactions [4]. Shown in studies observing the effectiveness of 10hz (alpha) waves for alleviating anxiety if listened to before dental procedures [5] or improved ability to perform cognitive tasks with 40hz(gamma) waves, especially if tasks were performed after beats then a night’s rest [6].

In a study that pitted beta and theta waves against each other in memory tasks, people that listened to beta waves performed significantly better, while listening to theta waves actually decreased performance [7]. Therefore, make sure to use the correct wave for the effect you want when listening to binaural beats.

With promising studies and scientist agreement that the potential for side effects from playing binaural beats is extremely low, go ahead, throw on the headphones and see how they may benefit you.